“If people bring so much courage to this world the world has to kill them to break them, so it kills them. Operating on wounded soldiers daily has soured his perspective, as seen in a conversation with Frederic: “This war is killing me,” Rinaldi said, “I am very depressed by it.” War has the ability to kill a man’s soul as well as his body, as Frederic contemplated on: The front’s constant stress has diminished his enthusiasm. After Frederic’s return to the front from injury, one sees a different Rinaldi. His exuberance showed in his relationship with Frederic and his banterings with the priest. He enjoyed performing surgeries and loved alcohol and women. Rinaldi was very passionate and free-spirited at the war’s outset. The character of Rinaldi gives the reader a symbol of the war’s spiritual destruction. Hemingway understood that the old ways of viewing war were dead. War was physically and emotionally devastating to the men who experienced the war firsthand. An example of his candid approach is seen in the declaration “The next year there were many victories.” There were no glorious victories or brave sacrifices, only victories. Hemingway trimmed his prose of all its fat and left with the necessities to capture the absurdity of the war. He brought the efficiency of modern warfare, due to new technology and machinery, to his writing. His writing reflected the transformations he saw transpiring in the world. There was no extravagant or romantic language to justify or make sense of the war. Hemingway captured the war’s reality effectively in A Farewell to Arms with frank, honest prose. It leaves the reader knowing the reality of war. In A Farewell to Arms, death, despair, and senselessness outweigh all other emotions.
“His style systematically exclude(s) whatever threatens to interfere with the illusion of life beheld under the aspect of a single, dominant, all-pervasive mood or state of mind.” Daniel Schneider, “The Novel as Pure Poetry” As Daniel Schneider writes in “The Novel as Pure Poetry,” His personal experiences influenced a writing style that epitomized the modernist period, which greatly intensified after the war.
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Hemingway experienced the war firsthand and served on the Italian front near where Frederic Henry served in A Farewell to Arms. He served as an ambulance driver for the American Red Cross before being injured by an Austrian trench mortar. Concrete reality meant more than flowery imaginations.
Feelings and emotions prior to 1914 eroded to meaninglessness and obscenity. This commentary by Frederic Henry, the book’s protagonist, signifies the reality that the pre-war mindset was irretrievably lost. “Abstract words such as glory, honor, courage, or hallow were obscene beside the concrete names of villages, the numbers of roads, the names of rivers, the numbers of regiments and the dates.” Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell To Arms They lived in a world where, according to Paul Fussell, “the word machine was not yet invariably coupled with the word gun.” The war altered the cultural atmosphere so dramatically that Hemingway wrote: Men believed war entailed glorious bayonet charges and heroic acts of courage. Before 1914, Victorian authors like Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote in “high” diction, using words like “vanquish”, “gallant”, and “valor” to describe war. Perhaps the most significant literary evolution that Hemingway helped realize in post-war culture was the destruction of classical language. La Mitrailleuse 1915 Christopher Richard Wynne Nevinson 1889-1946 Presented by the Contemporary Art Society 1917 Hemingway captured the absurdity of it all in A Farewell to Arms with his techniques of minimalism and understatement and helped bring literary change to a changing world. These sentiments did not mesh well with post-war realities, and artists of every kind searched for ways to express their disillusionment. It shocked people who still believed in Victorian-era notions of virtue and glory and who still saw war as a noble sacrifice. Humanity had never experienced destruction and loss of life on such a massive scale. World War I transformed world culture more than any occurrence in human history. Not only was A Farewell To Arms a great war novel, but it also helped revolutionize the way we write and view fiction.
Coming on the heels of his first novel, The Sun Also Rises, this World War I masterpiece transformed Hemingway into one of America’s most well-known authors. Published in 1929, it became an instant success and bestseller.
First edition of A Farewell To Arms, by Ernest HemingwayĪ Farewell To Arms, by Ernest Hemingway, is one of the greatest novels to come out of the Lost Generation era.
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